[Perioperative fluid therapy in the pediatric patient. Recommendations].
نویسندگان
چکیده
Caloric and water requirements for basal metabolism in the hospitalized, not anesthetized children were calculated by Holliday and Segar in 1957 [1]. They developed an empirical equation estimating maintenance requirements: 100 mL/kg/day for the first 10 kg, 50 mL/kg /day for the second 10 kg and 20 ml/kg/day for the remaining kg with hypotonic solutions (saline 0.2%) containing 2-3 mEq/100 kcal/day and 3 mEq/100 kcal/day of sodium and potassium respectively (protocol 4/2/1). This requirements became a standard that made hypotonic solutions the maintenance solutions for most of the hospitalized children (also of anesthetized). However, in sick children, there are many non-osmotic stimuli that increase levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that determine the loss of renal ability to remove free water and thus an increased risk of dilutional hyponatremia mainly if associated with perfusions with hypotonics fluids.
منابع مشابه
Perioperative fluid therapy in pediatrics.
Perioperative fluid therapy should be considered as a medical prescription of which both the volume and the composition should be adapted to the patient status, the type of operation and the expected events in the postoperative period. Perioperative fluid therapy is aimed at providing maintenance fluid requirements, at correcting fluid deficit and at providing the volume of fluid needed to main...
متن کاملPerioperative management of the pediatric patient with traumatic brain injury.
TBI and its sequelae remain a major healthcare issue throughout the world. With an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, refinements of monitoring technology, and ongoing research to determine optimal care, the prognosis of TBI continues to improve. In 2003, the Society of Critical Care Medicine published guidelines for the acute management of severe TBI in infants, children, an...
متن کاملPerioperative fasting and children: A review article
This review provides an overview of the present knowledge on the aspects of preoperative fasting with the assessment of the evidence quality. A systematic research was conducted in electronic databases in order to identify trials published between 1990 and 2014 concerning preoperative fasting, early resumption of oral intake and the effects of oral carbohydrate mixtures on gastric emptying and ...
متن کاملAmerican Society for Enhanced Recovery (ASER) and Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI) joint consensus statement on perioperative fluid management within an enhanced recovery pathway for colorectal surgery
BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery may be viewed as a comprehensive approach to improving meaningful outcomes in patients undergoing major surgery. Evidence to support enhanced recovery pathways (ERPs) is strong in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. There is some controversy about the adoption of specific elements in enhanced recovery "bundles" because the relative importance of different compon...
متن کاملAntibiotic prophylaxis for the hydrocephalic dental patient with a shunt.
Surgically placed shunts have proven useful in diverting excess accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid. The properly functioning shunt prevents increased intracranial pressure, gross craniofacial distortion, and the development of mental retardation, all of which have always been associated with the untreated hydrocephalic patient. The postoperative complication of microbial colonization of shunts...
متن کاملPerioperative fluid therapy: a statement from the international Fluid Optimization Group
BACKGROUND Perioperative fluid therapy remains a highly debated topic. Its purpose is to maintain or restore effective circulating blood volume during the immediate perioperative period. Maintaining effective circulating blood volume and pressure are key components of assuring adequate organ perfusion while avoiding the risks associated with either organ hypo- or hyperperfusion. Relative to per...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion
دوره 61 Suppl 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014